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Product Information
What Is Semaglutide?
Semaglutide is an injectable prescription medication. It improves blood sugar control in adults with Type 2 Diabetes while also decreasing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in adults with Type 2 Diabetes and established heart disease.
A non-insulin diabetes medication belonging to the class of drugs known as GLP-1 receptor agonists, semaglutide works with the body’s natural ability to lower blood glucose levels. It promotes the pancreatic release of insulin, reduces glucagon release from the liver, and slows down food leaving the stomach (gastric emptying). Semaglutide is also associated with weight loss in many Type 2 Diabetes patients in combination with regular exercise and a healthy diet.
Semaglutide, is a once-weekly injectable GLP-1 used for weight management.
Semaglutide is not indicated for people with Type 1 Diabetes, children under the age of 18, or patients with a personal or family history of certain types of thyroid cancer. It may also pose additional risks for patients with a history of pancreatitis, kidney disease, diabetic retinopathy, or gallbladder disease, as well as those who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or trying to conceive. For a complete list of warnings and precautions, see the Warnings & Precautions and Semaglutide Contraindications sections below.
How Is Semaglutide Used?
Semaglutide is typically self-injected once per week subcutaneously (under the skin of the stomach, abdomen, thigh, or upper arm). The standard protocol is to begin with a lower starting dose (0.25 mg) and build up to a higher maintenance dose (0.5 mg, 1 mg, or 2 mg) under the supervision of a doctor to increase tolerance and reduce side effects.
Storage
Semaglutide should always be stored in a dry, cool location away from direct sunlight and out of reach of children and/or pets. Once opened, a semaglutide pen is good for up to 56 days and should be safely disposed of after this time period has passed, even if there is still medication remaining (be sure to follow all local and state regulations for the safe disposal of injectable needles).
Does Semaglutide Need to Be Refrigerated?
Semaglutide should be refrigerated until it’s opened. Once opened, you may store semaglutide either in the refrigerator or at room temperature.
Directions
Semaglutide injection sites should be rotated weekly. In the event that you miss a dose, you may administer it within 5 days. After 5 days, simply skip the dose and wait until your next injection. Speak with your doctor if you miss one or more doses of semaglutide.
In consultation with your doctor, you’ll be shown how to cleanse the injection site, attach a clean needle to the semaglutide pen, select the correct dose using the dose counter dial, inject semaglutide, safely dispose of the needle, and properly store the remaining semaglutide for future injections.
Always follow the instructions that come with your prescription and contact your doctor or pharmacist with any questions.
Side Effects
As with all prescription medications, side effects may occur with semaglutide. Often, mild side effects will decrease over time as the body adjusts to new or higher doses of the drug.
Common Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Constipation
- Abdominal pain
- Injection site reactions
- Headaches
- Dizziness
- Tiredness
Serious Side Effects
Though rare, these possible semaglutide side effects warrant immediate medical attention:
- Pancreatitis
- Severe low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)
- Severe allergic reaction(s)
- Vision changes
- Kidney damage
- Gallbladder issues
- Liver issues
- The formation of thyroid tumors
Long-Term Safety
Type 2 Diabetes is a chronic disease, and semaglutide is designed to be a long-term treatment for managing it. Because semaglutide is a relatively new drug, its long-term effects are still being studied. Semaglutide is believed to be safe overall for long-term usage, but the risk of some serious potential side effects may increase over time.
Side Effect Details
Some of semaglutide’s potential side effects are detailed below. For more details on semaglutide side effects, speak with your doctor.
Gastrointestinal Side Effects
Gastrointestinal (GI) issues are the side effects most commonly associated with semaglutide (and all GLP-1 receptor agonist drugs). Often, GI problems are the worst as the body adjusts to new or increased doses of semaglutide and resolves over time. Avoiding greasy, highly processed, and sugary foods and beverages and getting plenty of fresh air can help with GI issues.
If you are still experiencing nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, or abdominal pain after adjusting to your maintenance dose of semaglutide, speak with your doctor.
Allergic Reactions
Mild allergic reactions to semaglutide may include skin rashes, itchiness, redness, or swelling. More serious allergic reactions (hypersensitivity) may include difficulty breathing, swelling of the mouth, tongue, or face, dizziness, or fainting.
Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) is not usually associated with semaglutide alone but may occur if you are taking semaglutide in combination with other Diabetes medications, including insulin. Speak with your doctor about the potential risks of drug interactions and watch for symptoms of low blood sugar, including dizziness, confusion, blurred vision, slurred speech, sweating, and increased heart rate. If you experience severe hypoglycemia, seek emergency medical treatment immediately.
Note that alcohol consumption can also contribute to hypoglycemia. It is important to be careful about consuming alcohol if you are at risk of hypoglycemia while taking semaglutide. Speak with your doctor for more information based on your personal medical history.
Impact on Diabetic Retinopathy
Research into the relationship between semaglutide and Diabetic Retinopathy is ongoing, but studies so far have shown a slight increase in Diabetic Retinopathy complications in patients who have Type 2 Diabetes and high cardiovascular risk. A rapid improvement in glucose control, such as patients may experience when starting semaglutide, can be associated with worsening Diabetic Retinopathy. Seek medical advice immediately if you notice any vision changes while taking semaglutide.
Other Side Effects
Other less common semaglutide side effects to be aware of can include, but are not limited to, an increase in Amylase and Lipase, Cholelithiasis, increased heart rate, immunogenicity, and hyperglycemia (high blood sugar). If you experience any unexpected side effects while taking semaglutide, contact your healthcare provider as soon as possible.
Drug Interactions
Semaglutide is generally considered a safe medication to take with insulin and other drugs. That being said, disclose all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, to your doctor before starting to take semaglutide. In addition, seek medical advice before starting any new supplements or medications while on the drug.
Medications That Shouldn’t Be Taken With Semaglutide
Semaglutide may interact negatively with a wide variety of different medications, including antibiotics, sulfonylureas, NSAIDs, MAOIs, oral medications, and more. Your doctor will be your best resource in determining how to safely manage multiple medications when adding semaglutide to your treatment plan.
Effects on Other Diabetes Medications
Potential complications, including hypoglycemia, can arise when semaglutide is taken in combination with other Diabetes medications. Follow the medical advice of your doctor when taking semaglutide and one or more other Diabetes medications.
Taking Semaglutide With Blood Thinners or Heart Medications
Semaglutide is generally considered safe to take with blood thinners and heart medications. Your doctor can provide more specifics based on your personal needs and circumstances.
Warnings & Precautions
- Semaglutide pens should never be shared between people, even if the needle has been changed. This can lead to potential infections and diseases.
- Semaglutide injection sites should be rotated with each injection.
- Semaglutide should never be taken by patients with Type 1 Diabetes.
Semaglutide Contraindications
Personal or Family History of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Semaglutide has been associated with the formation of thyroid C-cell tumors in rodents. It’s advised not to use emaglutide if you or anyone in your family has ever had Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC) or Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome Type 2 (MEN 2).
Pancreatitis
Pancreatitis has been reported with semaglutide use. Watch for ongoing abdominal pain and nausea. Patients with a history of pancreatitis were excluded from semaglutide clinical trials; therefore, caution should be taken if you have a personal medical history of pancreatitis or other pancreas issues.
Patients With Severe Gastrointestinal Disease
Because Semaglutide is often associated with GI issues, it is not recommended for use in patients with severe existing gastrointestinal diseases.
Severe Renal Impairment
Semaglutide can negatively impact kidney function. Caution should be exercised in patients with existing renal impairment or a history of kidney disease or damage.
End-Stage Renal Disease
Patients with end-stage renal disease should only take semaglutide under the guidance and supervision of a doctor.
Hypersensitivity to Semaglutide or Product Components
Do not take semaglutide if you have a known allergy to semaglutide or any of the drug’s other ingredients.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
In animal studies, semaglutide has been associated with fetal risks, including birth defects, preterm delivery, stillbirth, and more. Inform your healthcare provider if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or trying to become pregnant while taking (or considering taking) semaglutide.
Children Under 18 Years Old
Semaglutide has not been approved for use in minors. Speak with your child’s doctor about other possible treatment alternatives.
Concomitant Use of Other GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Semaglutide should never be taken with other GLP-1 medications. Contact your doctor immediately if you have accidentally taken two different GLP-1 drugs together.
